VACUUM INSULATED TUBING
Vallourec Tube-Alloy’s Vacuum Insulated Tubing (VITTM) is a high-performance, double-walled tubular product that provides temperature isolation in response to various production challenges such as permafrost issues and high-viscosity oil. VIT is the highest level of thermal insulation available in a tubular. It is ideal for deepwater projects and other specialized applications including:
Reduction of Annular Pressure Buildup (APB)
High production volumes leading to high temperatures can cause dangerously high pressures to develop if the casing annuli are sealed. VIT keeps heat inside the production tubing, thereby reducing APB to an acceptable level and often preventing the collapse of deepwater casing strings.
Cold Startups
VIT maintains wellbore temperatures to prevent hydrate formation near the mudline which can impede a cold startup.
Reduction of Paraffin Deposits
VIT helps to maintain flowing product temperature above the paraffin deposition temperature.
Well Testing
Some well test operations involve alternate periods of production and shut-in. When deepwater operations are involved, VIT helps prevent paraffin and hydrating problems.
Heavy Oil Production
VIT helps maintain lower viscosity levels, reducing the need for artificial lift and increasing total ultimate recovery.
Steam Flooding
VIT provides excellent steam quality downhole, playing an integral role as the injection string in constant injection, “huff and puff” and Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD).
The VIT system incorporates concentric inner and outer tubes, welded at the ends, with the annular space insulated and vacuumed. VIT is capable of a k-value of 0.004-0.006 in deepwater applications, and 0.006-0.02 in high-temperature applications such as steam flooding. This Thermal Efficiency offers several advantages:
- Strong insulation capability through the use of a vacuum and radiation shield
- Long-life vacuum integrity ensured through the sue of getters inside the vacuum cavity
- Minimized heat loss to the surroundings, keeping completion structures cool
- Prolonged cool-down time following weld shut-in
Many deepwater Gulf of Mexico applications will require pressure maintenance, usually achieved by waterflooding. The resultant water/oil/gas production returning in the production string is extremely corrosive. To combat this, OCTG metallurgy, unacceptable for VIT feedstock, has been required. New OCTG metallurgy, coupled with new VIT welding and Post Weld Heat Treatment procedures, is expected to increase VIT use in the Gulf of Mexico.
Since 1999, VIT has been run on approximately 100 installations, using more than 15,000 joints and covering over 500,000 feet. Stronger, stainless materials combined with premium threads have enabled the use of reliable, insulated tubulars in even the most demanding oil and gas production environments.